What will the same completed work cost?
Start with the work that has to finish: executions per month, browser time per execution, concurrent browsers and network traffic. Choose the cheapest eligible plan for that workload. An hourly rate can be lower while the bill is higher because a plan floor, billing minimum or extra service applies.
For 10,000 runs lasting three minutes, browser time is 500 hours before rounding, setup and retries. At Notte's published $0.01 browser-hour rate, that meter is $5. Paid-plan eligibility and any proxy or Function usage still determine the total bill.
Compare the billing contract
Kernel: Use the plan and browser configuration in Kernel's pricing documentation. Managed networking, account allowances and app execution make a browser-hour comparison only one part of the decision.
Steel: Hosted browser plans and a self-hosted browser have different cost structures. For self-hosting, include the worker, compute, networking, storage and operations rather than assigning the open-source code a zero operating cost.
Sources: kernel.sh [1] ↗docs.steel.dev [2] ↗
Compare operational limits
Kernel: Kernel documents concurrent browsers, browser creation rate and per-browser resources separately. Standby browsers can still consume concurrency. Pools change how browsers are acquired; they do not erase account limits.
Steel: Steel's pricing and limits page describes hosted account entitlements. For a self-hosted deployment, capacity depends on the resources and orchestration you operate as well as the browser process.
Sources: kernel.sh [1] ↗docs.steel.dev [2] ↗
Compare the execution model
Kernel: Deploy a TypeScript or Python App and expose Actions that callers invoke. Kernel co-locates code with the browser environments the app creates. An Action invocation is the execution unit rather than a bare CDP connection.
Steel: The reviewed browser documentation establishes sessions, profiles and credentials. It does not establish a hosted Python handler with deployment and invocation APIs. An external worker can control a Steel browser; price and operate that worker separately.
Sources: kernel.sh [1] ↗docs.steel.dev [2] ↗
How to evaluate this choice
A useful cost comparison gives both a usage estimate and the eligible monthly plan. Keep an unsupported workload out of the price ranking even if a rate can be multiplied into an attractive number.
- Count attempted runs as well as successful runs.
- Apply the provider's rounding rule to each session before adding usage.
- Separate browser time, function compute, proxy traffic and identity services.
- Apply included credits once; do not add the same subscription fee again.
- Mark an ineligible plan as a capacity mismatch rather than a cheap option.
Requirements side by side
| Requirement | Kernel | Steel |
|---|---|---|
| Browser control | Documented | Documented |
| Saved browser state | Documented | Documented |
| Code execution | TypeScript / Python Apps | External worker |
| Deployment choice | Check deployment offering | Documented |
Sources: kernel.sh [1] ↗kernel.sh [2] ↗kernel.sh [3] ↗kernel.sh [4] ↗kernel.sh [5] ↗kernel.sh [6] ↗docs.steel.dev [7] ↗docs.steel.dev [8] ↗docs.steel.dev [9] ↗docs.steel.dev [10] ↗docs.steel.dev [11] ↗docs.steel.dev [12] ↗
Which approach fits?
Choose Kernel when your code makes many browser calls and you want to deploy it beside the browser, or you need Kernel's managed sign-in flow.
Kernel tradeoff: Browser-local code changes the deployment model. Check app action behavior, account limits and persistent-state ownership before moving an external worker into it.
Choose Steel when you want browser infrastructure that can fit a self-hosted deployment, with profiles and credentials available through browser-focused APIs.
Steel tradeoff: Hosted and self-hosted Steel are different operating choices. A cloud feature's documentation does not establish identical packaging, retention or operational support in a self-hosted installation.
Sources: kernel.sh [1] ↗docs.steel.dev [2] ↗
A useful acceptance check
Write a pass/fail result for the real task before running the evaluation. Record the account, configuration and code version next to that result. Repeat failures need an explanation, not an automatically different browser configuration.
When Notte belongs on this shortlist
Kernel's browser-local Apps make execution placement part of the decision. Compare the repeated action path with the proposed Notte controller or Function deployment before concluding that a lifecycle or hourly-rate difference decides the workflow.
Steel's managed and self-hosted choices make infrastructure ownership a concrete deciding factor. Keep that option on the shortlist when operating the browser is intentional; evaluate Notte when owning fewer execution and authentication components is the actual goal.
Notte: Create an owned browser session, connect Playwright or Puppeteer over CDP, and stop the session when the work finishes. Browser lifecycle management remains necessary even when the control socket disconnects.
Consider this third option when its documented mechanism addresses a requirement left open by the two providers above. A working configuration on either original provider can still be the better choice; compare the task and ownership cost before switching.
Sources: kernel.sh [1] ↗docs.steel.dev [2] ↗docs.notte.cc [3] ↗