Browserbase vs Steel

The decision

Start with the product contracts for saved browser state, credential handling, website sign-in, code execution. Different labels do not establish different functionality; compare the implementation and conditions behind each one.

Browserbase provides managed browser sessions and TypeScript Functions that run next to a browser. Contexts preserve browser state, while its identity and secret tools address different parts of the sign-in workflow.

Steel is a browser API with managed cloud and self-hosted deployment paths. Its current documentation covers persistent profiles, a credential API, session replay and agent observability.

At a glance

Sources: docs.browserbase.com [1] ↗docs.browserbase.com [2] ↗docs.browserbase.com [3] ↗docs.browserbase.com [4] ↗docs.browserbase.com [5] ↗docs.steel.dev [6] ↗docs.steel.dev [7] ↗docs.steel.dev [8] ↗docs.steel.dev [9] ↗docs.steel.dev [10] ↗docs.steel.dev [11] ↗

What survives a session

Browserbase: Contexts preserve browser data between sessions. Associate the intended Context with each user's browser and decide which sessions may update it; a Context is distinct from a live running session.

Steel: The Profiles API documents reusable browser context, cookies, extensions, credentials and browser settings. Steel also documents lighter auth-context reuse, which should not be confused with a complete profile.

Sources: docs.browserbase.com [1] ↗docs.steel.dev [2] ↗

Website login

Browserbase: The identity documentation covers website authentication and reuse of login state. Contexts and Function Secrets serve different roles: retained browser state versus values available to executing code.

Steel: Steel's Credentials API stores credentials for users or agents. Its cookbook demonstrates using stored credentials with Playwright, while profiles and auth contexts preserve signed-in browser state.

Sources: docs.browserbase.com [1] ↗docs.steel.dev [2] ↗

Where the code runs

Browserbase: A Function is TypeScript code published with an entry point. Invocation starts asynchronously, creates a browser, passes its connection URL to the handler, and stores the result, logs and session ID. Function webhooks report status changes.

Steel: The reviewed browser documentation establishes sessions, profiles and credentials. It does not establish a hosted Python handler with deployment and invocation APIs. An external worker can control a Steel browser; price and operate that worker separately.

Sources: docs.browserbase.com [1] ↗docs.steel.dev [2] ↗

Published browser measurements

These are the latest provider runs in the saved BrowserArena snapshot checked on October 18, 2026. Dates and runner environments can differ. A lifecycle test opens, connects, navigates and releases a browser; the throughput test runs a separate browser action sequence. Neither measures managed authentication or deployed Function reliability.

Use these observations to choose what to test in your application. An account-configuration failure, an incompatible page action and a timed-out navigation require different interpretations. BrowserArena is maintained by Notte and publishes its source and methodology.

Sources: browserarena.ai [1] ↗browserarena.ai [2] ↗github.com [3] ↗

Pricing model

Browserbase: Compare the public plan's included browser allowance and overage with the workflow's duration. Include proxy traffic and any separately priced services; an Arena browser-hour estimate does not describe the whole Browserbase bill.

Steel: Hosted browser plans and a self-hosted browser have different cost structures. For self-hosting, include the worker, compute, networking, storage and operations rather than assigning the open-source code a zero operating cost.

Sources: browserbase.com [1] ↗docs.steel.dev [2] ↗

Capacity and limits

Browserbase: Browser and Function constraints have separate documentation. Check the account's concurrent browser limit, the Function runtime cap and the Function region rather than assuming a browser entitlement covers every execution path.

Steel: Steel's pricing and limits page describes hosted account entitlements. For a self-hosted deployment, capacity depends on the resources and orchestration you operate as well as the browser process.

Sources: docs.browserbase.com [1] ↗docs.steel.dev [2] ↗

Which approach fits?

Choose Browserbase when you want to deploy TypeScript browser logic or already use Browserbase's browser and Stagehand tooling.

Browserbase tradeoff: An identity feature, a persisted Context and a Function secret solve different problems. Select the required combination instead of treating all three as automatic login.

Choose Steel when you want browser infrastructure that can fit a self-hosted deployment, with profiles and credentials available through browser-focused APIs.

Steel tradeoff: Hosted and self-hosted Steel are different operating choices. A cloud feature's documentation does not establish identical packaging, retention or operational support in a self-hosted installation.

Sources: docs.browserbase.com [1] ↗docs.steel.dev [2] ↗

Check the browser connection

Install playwright-core in your application and provision a session through the provider's documented creation flow. Run this smoke test from the intended controller region with the returned CDP endpoint. It checks connection and navigation, not login, rendering parity or a complete business workflow.

Keep browser connection URLs on your backend. After the test, release the owned session through the provider's API. Product-specific lifecycle APIs and profile identifiers are not portable between providers.

import { chromium } from "playwright-core";

// Provision the owned browser using the provider's documented session API.
// Keep the connection URL in your backend's secret environment.
const endpoint = process.env.BROWSER_CDP_URL;
if (!endpoint) throw new Error("Set BROWSER_CDP_URL for an owned session");

const browser = await chromium.connectOverCDP(endpoint);
try {
  const context = browser.contexts()[0] ?? await browser.newContext();
  const page = context.pages()[0] ?? await context.newPage();
  await page.goto("https://example.com", { waitUntil: "domcontentloaded" });
  if ((await page.title()) !== "Example Domain") {
    throw new Error("The browser did not reach the expected page");
  }
  console.log({ connected: true, expectedPage: true });
} finally {
  await browser.close();
  // Release the owned session with the provider's documented API as well.
  // A disconnected socket alone is not a portable session-cleanup contract.
}

Sources: playwright.dev ↗

Before you switch

Keep the same target workflow when evaluating both products. Separate infrastructure facts from measurements and test the required account state, action sequence and artifacts. A successful connection test does not establish that a long or authenticated task will complete.

Use the focused guides for Browserbase and Steel below when the deciding requirement is pricing, persistence or code execution. Provider-owned resources such as session IDs, profiles and managed connections need a new mapping during migration.

When Notte belongs on this shortlist

Browserbase's TypeScript Function contract is a reason to retain it when that is the deployed language your team wants. A move to Notte Functions includes a Python execution decision; moving only the browser can leave your existing controller in place.

Steel's managed and self-hosted choices make infrastructure ownership a concrete deciding factor. Keep that option on the shortlist when operating the browser is intentional; evaluate Notte when owning fewer execution and authentication components is the actual goal.

Notte: Create an owned browser session, connect Playwright or Puppeteer over CDP, and stop the session when the work finishes. Browser lifecycle management remains necessary even when the control socket disconnects.

Consider this third option when its documented mechanism addresses a requirement left open by the two providers above. A working configuration on either original provider can still be the better choice; compare the task and ownership cost before switching.

Sources: docs.browserbase.com [1] ↗docs.steel.dev [2] ↗docs.notte.cc [3] ↗

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